Hydraulic motor.



J. F. PROSSBR.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLIoATloN FILED MAY 1a, 190e.

Patented May 14, 1912.

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J. F. PROSSBR.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1a. 1909.

Patented May 14, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. PROSSER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 LOUIS CAUL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, Josemi F. Prossim, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Motors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to hydraulic motors and more particularly provides an efficient valve mechanism for permitting the inl'low and outflow of water to and from the opposite sides of the piston of the motor.

Generally speaking, the invention comprises the elements and combinations thereof set forth in the accompanying claims.

Reference should be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specication, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a hydraulic motor shown in connection with a pump; Fig. 2 is a central verticalsection through the hydraulic motor and valve mechanism Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the casing containing the valve mechanism; Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the casing containing the valve mechanism with the motor casing removed; Fig. 5 is' a central longitudinal section through the valve casing, and Fig. 6 is an elevation partly in section of the valve casing and valve mechanism of the side opposite that shown in Fig. 3.

The hydraulic motor herein shown and described, while shown in connection with and for the purpose of operating the pump, is not necessarily limited to such operation, and I do not intend to so limit it, the pump being shown merely to indicate a single use to which the motor may be put.

In Fig. l a pump is indicated at l having an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3. l/Vithin the pump is a piston 4 which is mounted upon a piston rod 5. The pump is joined to the hydraulic motor by means of a frame 6 which is securely held upon the motor cylinder 7 by means of a nut 8, which engages a threaded portion upon said cylinder. lVithin the cylinder 7 is a piston 8 that is mounted upon a piston rod which, as shown, is a continuation of the piston rod 5 and is connected with the piston 4l within the pump. However, as previously indicated, that portion of the piston rod which extends outside the motor cylinder may be Specification of Letters Patent.

Application Ied May 18, 1909.

Patented May 14, 1912.

Serial No. 496,736.

used to operate any desired mechanism. Upon one side of the cylinder 7 is a duct. 9 formed in the side wall thereof, which communicates through a port 9 at the upper end with the interior of the cylinder, the lower end of the duct 9 being open and communicating with the interior of the valve casing. The cylinder 7 is mounted upon a valve casing, the top part of which forms the bottom closure for the cylinder. This casing comprises two parts 10 and 11 which extend at right angles to each other, the in teriors of which parts are in communication one with the other. A pipe 12 comlnunicates with the interior of the casing 10 for the purpose of conducting water into the interior thereof, and a pipe 130 communicates with the lower part of the casing 11 forming an outlet for the water. Upon the interior, the casing 10 is provided with a smooth cylindrical bore within which are mounted a series of tubular sections indicated at 13, 14, 15 and 16. Between thev said tubular sections are spaces or openings indicated at 13, 14u, and 15', the spaces 13a and 15a being of the same size. These openings form ports for the ingress and egress of water.

Coperating with the interior walls of tubular sections is a plunger' which comprises a tubular member 17 formed with flanges 18 and 19. Coperating with these flanges are packings Q0 which are held in place by means of nuts 21. The packings 20 are curved around the shoulders so as to engage with the internal side walls of tu bular section and form a tight joint therewith.

The interior of the body portion 17 of the valve is hollow and through the same extends a rod 9.9. which at its lower end is threaded upon a cap nut 22h, which in turn is threaded upon the lower end of the valve body 17. The rod 22 extends into the interior of the cylinder 7, being guided in its rcciprocation by an opening in a nut 23, which nut is screwed into one end of the opening within the casing l0. A suitable packing 24 is provided which is held in place by means of a gland nut 25.

The lower end of the piston rod 5 is hollow forming a tubular recessed portion indicated at 5. Into this hollow portion the rod 22 extends and at its upper end the rod is provided with a head 22 for a purpose later explained. The lower end .of the piston rod 5 is engaged by means of a cap nut 5b which holds the members of the piston in proper position upon the rod and is also provided with an opening therethrough of su'liicient size to permit the rod 22 to pass but small enough to prevent the head 22EL from passing. rIhe lower end of the casing 10 is provided with a nut 26 which closes the same.

The casing 11 is interiorly cylindrical and is encircled by a series of channels 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 which are formed in the wall of said casing. The channel 30 is in communication at one portion thereof with the interior of the casing 10, the communication beingby means of the space or port 14a, indicated in Fig. 2. lVithin the interior of the casing 11 are a series of tubular sections separated from each other, thereby providing spaces or ports 32a, 31a, 30a, 29a and 28a, which spaces or ports are .in communication with the ducts 32, 31, 30, 29 and 28, respectively. VVithinthe casing and cooperating with the spaced tubular sections before mentioned, is a valve comprising a cylindrical central portion 33 having thereon ydisks or pistons 34, 35, 36 and 37 which -havea working fit with the tubular sections. The opposite e-nds of the casing are closed ,by means of nuts 38.

The interior of the casing 10 is in communication with the oppositeends of the casing 11 by means of ducts 39 and 40, as illustrated in Figs. 3 to 5 inclusive. The duct 39 is in communication with the space or opening 13a, while the duct 40 yis in communication with the space or opening 15a which are within the casing 10. It will thus be apparent that when the valve within the casing 10 is inl position to permit water to enter through the port 13a this water will, by.

passing through the duct 39 enter the casing 11 behind the piston 37, and on the other hand, when the valve within the casing 10 is at the opposite end of its reciprocation and water is permitted to pass through the port 15a, the water will pass through the duct 40 and enter the space behind the piston 34. In this manner the valve within the casing 11 will be caused to reciprocate within its casing at the same time that the valve within the casing 10 is reciprocated.

The duct 31 is in communication with a conduit 41, shown in Fig. 6 and in Fig. 2, which conduit at its upper portion coperates with the channel 9 formed in the wall of the cylinder 7. rlhe duct 29 is in communication with a conduit 42, shown in Fig. 6, which conduit communicates with the interior of the casing through a port hole 46 Y formed` in the bottom of the cylinder 7,

which as heretofore described, is the top of the valve casing. The conduits 32 and 28 are provided at their lower portions with .outlets 43' and 44, respectively, which communicate with a water eXit chamber 45. This chamber is in communication with the outlet pipe 130, which pipe conducts the water away. l

The operation of the motor is as follows: In the position shown in Fig. 2, water is being admitted above the piston 8 so that the same is descending within the casing 7 t-oward the lower part thereof. ln the position shown, the valve within the casing 11 is at the eXtreme limit of its reciprocation in one direction, and in the position shown the valve has uncovered the port 13L so that water entering through the pipe 12 andv through the port 14EL may also pass through the port l3a,thence through the conduit 39 to the rear side of the position 37. Consequently the vvalve within the casing 11 is held at the. limit- `of its reciprocation in one direction by the water pressure behind the piston 37. T he water may also enter within the casing 11 by means of the port 30a, and as shown, the valve within'the casing 11 is in such position that the piston35 has uncovered the port 31a. The water may accordingly enter through port 31a, thence through duct 31, through conduit 41, duct 9 and port 9a into the interior of the cylinder 7 above the piston 8, causing the piston to descend. The length of the recess 5a within the end of the piston rod 5 is such that it will engage the head 22a upon the rod 22 just before the piston 8 completes its stroke, and will push the rod 22, so that it will occupy a position at the lower end of the casing 10, in which position the port 13a will be closed to the inlet water by means of the packing 20 and the port -15a will be open to communication with the water coming through the pipe 12 by` virtue of the fact that the valve has moved below the port 15a. Then this takes place, the water entering'through the pipe 12 and port 14a will pass through the port 15a, thence through the conduit 40 to the space behind the piston 34 exerting a pressure thereon and causing the valve within the casing 11 to reciprocate to the opposite end of the casing. lt will be noted that when the valve within the casing'lO has lreciprocated to the opposite end of the casing the port 13a will be above the nut 21, there-fore the water which was confined behind the piston 37 and within the duct 39 will, upon the reverse reciprocation of the valve within the casing 11 be forced into the space within the casing 10 which is above the nut 21. This water will flow through the interior of the valve body 17, through the ports 17 a, and drop to the lower portion of the casing 10, flowing out through the port 10 into yso the chamber 45, from whence the water will the chamber 11 just described, will cause.

the piston 35 to pass beyond the port 3l, closing the same to inlet water, and will also cause the piston 36 to pass beyond the port 29a, so that water passing through the port 30a will have egress through the port 2. a to the duct 29, thence through the conduit l2 and 4port 46 to the interior of the casing 7 upon the under side of the piston 8, thereby producing pressure upon this side of the piston and causing it to reciprocate toward the opposite end oi" the casing. The reciprocation of the'valve within the casing 11 will carry the piston 35 to a point so that the rear portion of: said piston Will just pass the duct 31a. However, the piston 34 will not reciprocate far enough but that the duct 32 will still loe uncovered. It Will therefore be apparent that the water which has previouslv been confined above the piston 8 will now pass through the port 9, duct 9, conduit 41, duct 31, port 3l, port 32n into the duct 32, from whence it will lflow through the outlet port 43 into the chamber 115 and thence be conducted through the Waste pipe. When the piston 8 within the casing 7 approaches the end of its opposite reciprocation, the nut 5b Will engage with the head 22 upon the rod and will pull the rod 22 so that the valve within the casing 10 is returned to the position shown in F ig. 2, under which circumstances the valve Within the casing 11 will be reciprocated to the position shown in Fig. 5, and the water will be admitted to the upper side of the piston 8, causing the said piston to descend. Under these circumstances, the water within the lower part of the casing, will pass through the conduit l2 to the duct 29, thence through the port 29 and port 28 to the duct 28, and then through the outlet port 44@ to the interior of the chamber 45, and thence Will pass through the waste pipe 130. The water which was behind the piston 3l will pass through the conduit 40 and through the port 15 into the interior of the lower part of the casing 10 and thence through the port 10 to the chamber 45 and through the waste pipe 130.

It Will be apparent from the above description, that the motor herein shown and described may be operated from a single source of water and will automatically reciprocate as long as the water is allowed to flow. Attention is further directed to the tubular sections Within both parts of the valve casing. The desideratum in Valves of this class, is to afford large opening tor the passage of fluid and yet one which maybe quickly and completely closed. Continued flow of water under pressure after the reversal should take place is very undesirable because it makes the motor slow and the successful control of the water must be obtained through quick acting Valves.

The ports in the valves here shown are of large area for the passage of Water, yet t-he space between the adjacent sections is not very greatand, therefore, the closing piston may very quickly cover the same and so almost instantly shut olf the flow of water or permit the flow, as the case may be.

A further important result of the construction I have herein disclosed, lies in the I:t'act that the dead Water, that is the water which is about to flow out from the casing due to the reversal of the motor, will flow out by its own gravity and will not require to be pumped or forced out. Willen water is being iorced into the easing below the piston, the valve in the casing 11 will be in proper position so that the water from the interior of the casing may flow through passages 9 and 41 and so to the waste pipe. It will be noted that the passages 9 and 41 are filled with water at the time the reversal takes place, and further it will be noted that the combined passages 9 and L11 are longer than the depth ot' the casing, =therefore a siphon effectis produced which removes all the water from above the piston Iwithout any help from the piston. In fact,

it anything, the siphon effect assists the travel of the piston. Conversely when the `live water is flowing into the top of the cas- Iing, the dead water below the piston flows by gravity to the waste pipe.

Then the motor is placed in a horizontal position, it is placed in such position that the ports 10 `and 11:6 are at the lowest part of the structure so that the weight of the dead water will still cause it to flow out.

I do not limit myself to the exact construction shown except in so far as the wording of the claims expressly does so.

Having thus described my invention, what` I claim is:

l. In a device ofthecharacterdescribed,a cylinder, a piston within said cylinder, water inlets to said cylinder, a valve cylinder associated with said cylinder, a valve in said cas* ing controlling the passage of water to said cylinder, a cylindrical opening in the valve casing, tubular sections within said opening, said tubular sections being spaced apart to form ports, one of said ports communieating with the first-mentioned valve, ducts communicating with other ports 'for conducting water to the opposite ends of the .inst-mentioned valve, a water inlet pipe communicating with all the ports in the cylindrical opening, a valve provided with heads which engage with the tubular sections in the casing, and means Ytor operating said valve to successively open and close the ports which govern the supply of water to the opposite ends of the first-mentioned valve.

2. In a device of the character described, a cylinder having a piston therein, water inlets to said cylinder, a valve casing associated with said cylinder, a Valve in said casing governing the supply of Water to the interior of said cylinder, a cylindrical opening in said valve casing, a plurality of ports in said opening, one of said ports communicating with the valve Which regulates the supply of Water to the irst-nientioned casing, the other ports Controlling the supply of Water to the opposite ends of the first-mentioned valve for operating the saine, a valve plug in said cylindrical openin-g tor successively opening and closing the ports Which govern the supply of Water to the opposite ends of the first-mentioned valve, said plug being hollow,.whereby the Waste Water from one end of the first-mentioned valve may lovv through the same.

3. A hydraulic motor comprising in combination a cylinder, a piston Within said cylinder, Water inlets to said cylinder, a valve casing associated with said cylinder, a valve in said casing controlling the passage of Water to said cylinder, a cylindricalopening in the valve casing, a tubular lining Within said opening, said tubular lining having spaced ports therein, one of said ports communicating with the first mentioned valve, ducts communicating With other of said ports for conducting Water to the opposite ends of the first mentioned valve, a Water inlet pipe kcommunicating with all the ports in the tubular lining, a valve provided with heads engaging said lining and adapted to govern the passage through the :ports therein, and means for operating said valve to successively open and close the ports Which govern vthe supply `ot water to the opposite ends of the first mentioned val-ve.

In testimony whereof, 'I hereunto affix my signature in the presence ofrtWo Witnesses.

JOSEPH F. PROSSER. Witnesses:

LoUis CAUL, A. J. HUDSON.

Copies of rthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

